Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 426 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right ),-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \]
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Time = 0.17 (sec) , antiderivative size = 426, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {750, 857, 732, 435, 430} \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right ),-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+2 c x+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}}-\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \]
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Rule 430
Rule 435
Rule 732
Rule 750
Rule 857
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 \int \frac {\frac {b e}{2}+c e x}{\sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{b^2-4 a c} \\ & = -\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {(2 c) \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{b^2-4 a c}-\frac {(2 c d-b e) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{b^2-4 a c} \\ & = -\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1+\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e x^2}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}}}{\sqrt {1-x^2}} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1+\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e x^2}{2 c d-b e-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}}} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \\ & = -\frac {2 (b+2 c x) \sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {2} (2 c d-b e) \sqrt {\frac {c (d+e x)}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}} \sqrt {-\frac {c \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{b^2-4 a c}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {2}}\right )|-\frac {2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}{2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}\right )}{c \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {d+e x} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 27.62 (sec) , antiderivative size = 879, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.06 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {d+e x} \left (2 (b+2 c x)+\frac {(d+e x) \left (-\frac {4 e^2 \sqrt {\frac {c d^2+e (-b d+a e)}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}} (a+x (b+c x))}{(d+e x)^2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2} \left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}+2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (d-e x)}{\left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} \sqrt {\frac {2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}-2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (-d+e x)}{\left (-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c d^2-b d e+a e^2}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right )|-\frac {-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}{2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {d+e x}}-\frac {i \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} \sqrt {\frac {-2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}+2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (d-e x)}{\left (2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} \sqrt {\frac {2 a e^2+d \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}-2 c d e x+e \sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2} x+b e (-d+e x)}{\left (-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}\right ) (d+e x)}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c d^2-b d e+a e^2}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right ),-\frac {-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}{2 c d-b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {d+e x}}\right )}{e \sqrt {\frac {c d^2+e (-b d+a e)}{-2 c d+b e+\sqrt {\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) e^2}}}}\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(841\) vs. \(2(374)=748\).
Time = 0.88 (sec) , antiderivative size = 842, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.98
method | result | size |
elliptic | \(\frac {\sqrt {\left (e x +d \right ) \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}\, \left (-\frac {2 \left (c e x +c d \right ) \left (-\frac {2 x}{4 a c -b^{2}}-\frac {b}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (\frac {a}{c}+\frac {b x}{c}+x^{2}\right ) \left (c e x +c d \right )}}-\frac {2 e b \left (\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c e \,x^{3}+b e \,x^{2}+c d \,x^{2}+a e x +x d b +a d}}-\frac {4 c e \left (\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right ) E\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )+\frac {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {d}{e}}{\frac {d}{e}-\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {d}{e}+\frac {b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}{-\frac {d}{e}-\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}}}\right )}{2 c}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c e \,x^{3}+b e \,x^{2}+c d \,x^{2}+a e x +x d b +a d}}\right )}{\sqrt {e x +d}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}\) | \(842\) |
default | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1612\) |
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 488, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.15 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, {\left ({\left (2 \, a c d - a b e + {\left (2 \, c^{2} d - b c e\right )} x^{2} + {\left (2 \, b c d - b^{2} e\right )} x\right )} \sqrt {c e} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} e^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} e^{3}}, \frac {3 \, c e x + c d + b e}{3 \, c e}\right ) + 6 \, {\left (c^{2} e x^{2} + b c e x + a c e\right )} \sqrt {c e} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} e^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} e^{3}}, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} d^{2} - b c d e + {\left (b^{2} - 3 \, a c\right )} e^{2}\right )}}{3 \, c^{2} e^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, {\left (2 \, c^{3} d^{3} - 3 \, b c^{2} d^{2} e - 3 \, {\left (b^{2} c - 6 \, a c^{2}\right )} d e^{2} + {\left (2 \, b^{3} - 9 \, a b c\right )} e^{3}\right )}}{27 \, c^{3} e^{3}}, \frac {3 \, c e x + c d + b e}{3 \, c e}\right )\right ) + 3 \, {\left (2 \, c^{2} e x + b c e\right )} \sqrt {c x^{2} + b x + a} \sqrt {e x + d}\right )}}{3 \, {\left ({\left (b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}\right )} e x^{2} + {\left (b^{3} c - 4 \, a b c^{2}\right )} e x + {\left (a b^{2} c - 4 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} e\right )}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {d + e x}}{\left (a + b x + c x^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {e x + d}}{{\left (c x^{2} + b x + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {e x + d}}{{\left (c x^{2} + b x + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {d+e x}}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {d+e\,x}}{{\left (c\,x^2+b\,x+a\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \]
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